Exploring the impact of the KTA Framework, and other conceptual frameworks, on patients and the public in terms of health improvement and outcomes would also be worthwhile, as would exploring their involvement in the application of the framework, not just as recipients of services but as key stakeholders in each phase. The first component of the model is the knowledge creation funnel, which represents the production and synthesis of knowledge. A prospective design would strengthen research studies. Difficulties applying the exclusion criteria were discussed to ensure the inclusion/exclusion criteria were applied consistently. Eight of the ten studies were conducted in Canada, one in the Democratic Republic of Congo [17] and one in Denmark [18]. [http://www.rcn.org.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0014/512600/2013_RCN_research_W06.pdf]. 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2004.09.002. Due to overlapping categories (e.g. Safari. The Knowledge to Action (KTA) Framework was developed in Canada by Graham and colleagues in the 2000s, following a review of 31 planned action theories. The data were extracted from the integrated studies where the KTA Framework was applied in practice. For example, difficulties in applying exclusion/inclusion criteria were discussed by the team and all subsequent decisions were then resolved by consensus. Making sense of implementation theories, models and frameworks Tabak RG, Khoong EC, Chambers DA, Brownson RC: Bridging research and practice: models for dissemination and implementation research. Knowledge-to-Action Framework | CEBI Knowledge synthesis is essential when considering an initiatives potential for widespread implementation and collates existing knowledge using rigorous methodologies. 2012, 28: 258-61. We have chosen to report the aggregate number of excluded papers on the PRISMA flow diagram (Figure 2). This framework was developed in Canada by Graham et al. Claude and colleagues [17] stated that these phases were beyond the scope of their project. Our review, and similar studies [39],[40],[43]-[45], consistently comments on the limited, haphazard use of theory, even though theories can be applied in many different ways [41]. Terms and Conditions, Action phases may be carried out sequentially or simultaneously; knowledge phases may impact on the action phases. 10 at the Canadian Institutes for Health Research. 10.1111/wvn.12016. Implement Sci. Although there may be some small variation in the actual sets of references retrieved by different citation searches, we have no reason to believe that we have systematically under- or over-represented particular types of studies in our sample. The Knowledge to Action KTF The Knowledge to Action (KTA)4 is an overarching framework that includes both knowledge creation and implementation. The KTA could also be used as a literacy device to structure reporting of the framework. Questionnaires, interviews, workshops, focus groups and needs assessment were used to identify barriers to change. There were occasions when we sensed that aspects of Knowledge Creation and Action Cycle had been done or combined, but as this was not explicit, we excluded these data. Rycroft-Malone J, Bucknall T: Models and Frameworks for Implementing Evidence-Based Practice. Health Psychol. BMJ. Int J Nurs Educ Scholarsh. 2009, 6: Paper 10-10.2202/1548-923X.1741. The Knowledge to Action Framework. PDF Knowledge Translation Frameworks: What Are They, How and When to - Hse Estabrooks and colleagues [28] comment that the Canadian research funding organisation had adopted the KTA Framework to guide knowledge translation, deploying specific grant mechanisms to ensure involvement of knowledge users with researchers throughout the research process (p. 2). Knowledge syntheses take the form of studies that fall into the categories of systematic reviews, scoping reviews, and meta-analyses, just to name a few. Action includes identifying and appraising the problem and the known research, identifying barriers and successes, planning and executing, and finally monitoring, evaluating, and adjusting. Health professionals across the globe share the challenges of translating the best available evidence into actual health interventions in a timely way to provide the most effective care and service. 1, Lgar F: Assessing barriers and facilitators to knowledge use. However, none of these knowledge translation strategies, designed to target different barriers, featured in the included studies, with one exception. Monitoring the use of knowledge is critical in understanding how and to what extent the KT strategy has had an impact on outcomes (the next phase in the action cycle). Such work may require additional funding for longer term monitoring or strategies to sustain knowledge use over time. We sought to identify all reported citations of a particular reference irrespective of the context within which that reference had been used. Google Scholar also enabled access to book chapters whereas Scopus and Web of Science only indexed peer-reviewed journal articles. questionnaires). Several conceptual frameworks are pertinent for implementation scientists, including Promoting Action on Research Implementation in Health Services (PARIHS) [5],[10] the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) [3] as well as the KTA Framework [1]. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated. These goals are to increase (a) the use of evidence-based research and (b) the understanding and use of KT principles. Using the Knowledge to Action Framework in practice: a citation analysis and systematic review, https://doi.org/10.1186/s13012-014-0172-2, http://www.rcn.org.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0014/512600/2013_RCN_research_W06.pdf, https://epoc.cochrane.org/sites/epoc.cochrane.org/files/uploads/EPOC%20Taxonomy%20of%20Interventions%202002.pdf, http://www.cihr-irsc.gc.ca/e/47332.html#a2.1, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0, http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/. administrative databases) and/or active measurement (e.g. Collaboration for Leadership in Applied Health Research and Care for South Yorkshire, Collaboration for Leadership in Applied Health Research and Care for Yorkshire and Humber. PDF Knowledge to Action Model - WordPress.com Russell and colleagues [25] describe use of a knowledge broker, an example of a linkage and exchange-type strategy. Only studies applying the framework to implementation projects were included. Phys Ther. Search for more papers by this author. Estabrooks CA, Teare GF, Norton PG: Should we feed back research results in the midst of a study?. 2012, 9: 1-10.1111/j.1741-6787.2011.00240.x. Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content: Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article. Knowledge Translation in Health Care: Moving from Evidence to Practice. IL 10.1007/s10865-010-9260-1. efforts. Knowledge-to-Action Model (Adapted from I.D. Graham, J. Logan, M.B Only four studies detailed Knowledge Creation, yet existing knowledge was utilised in the other studies to identify knowledge-practice gaps, or as part of the Action Cycle. ASUS Corporate Stable Model (CSM) is a commercial program designed to provide stable and reliable motherboards. As knowledge moves through three stages (inquiry, synthesis, tools/products), it becomes more user-friendly. The index citation for the source paper for the KTA Framework Lost in knowledge translation: time for a map? by Graham and colleagues [1] was identified on each of three databases that offered functionality for citation searching. Addressing sustainability also involves planning for both the spread and scaling up of knowledge use, and concerns whether an innovation continues to be used beyond the initial implementation. The K2A framework describes and depicts the high-level processes necessary to move from discovery into action by using translation of evidence-based programs, practices, or policiesbroadly defined to include evidence-based communications, campaigns, guidelines, and other interventions and tools. When using the Knowledge to Action Process model to effect an evidence-based change (e.g., in a clinical practice), one of the factors that knowledge users (e.g., clinicians) may site as an impediment is an absence of the evidence appraisal and statistical analysis skills that are required in the knowledge inquiry phase. Secondly, multifaceted strategies are more likely to be successful than a single strategy [27],[46],[47], as they target different barriers [40], which reflects our interest in the real-world use of the KTA Framework, where it is probably impossible to control and isolate one strategy [48]. Hoffmann TC, Glasziou PP, Boutron I, Milne R, Perera R, Moher D, Altman DG, Barbour V, Macdonald H, Johnston M, Lamb SE, Dixon-Woods M, McCulloch P, Wyatt JC, Chan A-W, Michie S: Better reporting of interventions: template for intervention description and replication (TIDieR) checklist and guide. 2009, 4: Eccles M, Grimshaw J, Walker A, Johnston M, Pitts N: Changing the behavior of healthcare professionals: the use of theory in promoting the uptake of research findings. This involves valuing the utility of the knowledge to the problem, setting and circumstances, as well as tailoring the knowledge to the specific situation. Edited by: Straus S, Tetroe J, Graham I. CLAHRC YH would also like to acknowledge the participation and resources of our partner organisations. Perhaps more significantly, the KTA Framework is associated with the Canadian Institutes of Health Research [27]. Citation searches were limited to the period from 2006 (the date of publication of the source paper) to July 2013. Full-text articles were obtained for any article coded for inclusion and for any articles that appeared relevant but where it was unclear whether the KTA Framework had been actually used in practice. Implement Sci. review papers, conceptual or descriptive papers and those describing a single knowledge translation strategy or not topically relevant), we excluded against a single criterion, even when multiple criteria applied, as practical considerations rendered it unnecessary to exhaustively document all possible reasons for exclusion for each paper. The Knowledge to Action (KTA) Framework was developed in Canada by Graham and colleagues in the 2000s, following a review of 31 planned action theories. J Nurs Care Qual. PDF SYSTEMATIC REVIEW Open Access Using the Knowledge to Action Framework Once an understanding of the potential barriers and facilitators to adoption has been achieved, the next phase involves planning and carrying out interventions to bring about the intended change. In real-world practices of the Data-Information-Knowledge-Action model, data are collected surrounding a problem to be addressed, then the data are interpreted to identify competing explanations for the problem, as well as uncertainties of the explanations. Davies P, Walker AE, Grimshaw JM: A systematic review of the use of theory in the design of guideline dissemination and implementation strategies and interpretation of the results of rigorous evaluations. The papers were coded according to the taxonomy in Table 1. Worldviews Evid Based Nurs. Regardless of the approach, its critical to ensure that interventions are tailored to address the specific issue, audience and context to enhance uptake. 2014, 348: g1687-10.1136/bmj.g1687. Matern Child Nutr. All citations identified were screened by title and available information according to agreed criteria. All ten studies reported using the Action Cycle. It may be useful for them to consider the extent to which they wish to follow or be guided by a conceptual framework before embarking on a knowledge translation project, especially regarding outcome measures because .the focus of knowledge into action is ultimately to enhance health status [1 p. 18]. The Knowledge to Action (KTA) Framework is used for facilitating the use of research knowledge by several stakeholders, such as practitioners, policymakers, patients and the public. It also involves comparing what is known about a problem and what current practice is and whether there is a gap that needs to be addressed. Skip to Referred to as first generation knowledge and vastly out of scale (considering that the body of new, original knowledge in healthcare is enormous part of the reason we need KT), knowledge inquiry refers to primary studies and represents the majority of research that is conducted. Lgar [32] recommends using established taxonomies developed for barriers and facilitators within knowledge translation projects. The relation between knowledge and action. In contrast, they wanted to evaluate the impact of their intervention on peoples ability to understand their choices and make informed decisions about treatment. The impact of a strategy should be assessed using explicit, rigorous qualitative and quantitative methods, beginning with formulation of a defined question of interest. Petzold A, Korner-Bitensky N, Menon A: Using the knowledge to action process model to incite clinical change. The Action Cycle was reported in all the integrated examples, illustrating theory fidelity in this specific subset of studies. A total of 1,057 titles and abstracts were screened. No existing systematic review was found on this subject. Menon A, Korner-Bitensky N, Kastner M, McKibbon KA, Straus S: Strategies for rehabilitation professionals to move evidencebased knowledge into practice: a systematic review. Helfrich CD, Damschroder LJ, Hagedorn HJ, Daggett GS, Sahay A, Ritchie M, Damush T, Guihan M, Ullrich PM, Stetler CB: A critical synthesis of literature on the promoting action on research implementation in health services (PARIHS) framework. Am J Prev Med. Generally, it was difficult to ascertain whether the methods used captured, and indeed subsequently addressed, the full range of barriers. 10.1097/00001786-200410000-00002. 2012, 7: 48-10.1186/1748-5908-7-48. Knowledge-related barriers [32] were the most common, indicating the appropriateness of using educational strategies to address such barriers. A coding scheme, with 19 categories for theory use for behaviour change interventions, ranging from mentioned but not demonstrated, right through to theory refinement, has been developed [41]. Effectiveness: The extent to which the intended effect or benefits that were achieved under optimal . This produced a subset of studies that contained examples of using the KTA Framework in an integral way. Their findings suggested that the more domains that were targeted, the less effective the intervention was [9]. J Eval Clin Pract. However, because KT interventions are usually tailored to local contexts, and mapped to specific barriers/facilitators, effectiveness in one context does not guarantee success in another. Knowledge to Action Model. 2010, 33: 259-263. Rycroft-Malone J, Harvey G, Kitson A, McCormack B, Seers K, Titchen A: Getting evidence into practice: ingredients for change. Applying the knowledge to action (K2A) framework : questions to guide So-called action (or planned action) models are process models that facilitate implementation by offering practical guidance in the planning and execution of implementation endeavours and/or implementation strategies. Cite this article, Conceptual frameworks are recommended as a way of applying theory to enhance implementation efforts. Non-stop action: The best choice for iCaf, configure-to-order gaming systems and quality-driven businesses; Non-stop durability: . For example, if a strategy has the goal of improving social networking, and the barrier is weak ties between end-users, the social support theory [8] may be used to design an intervention that involves the use of change agents to transfer information [2]. The Knowledge to Action (KTA) Framework was developed in Canada by Graham and colleagues in the 2000s, following a review of 31 planned action theories. Implement Sci. For Web of Science and Scopus citations, full abstracts were identified. As Kate has described previously, knowledge synthesis (second generation knowledge) involves synthesizing results from individual research studies and interpreting them within the context of global evidence. The Knowledge to Action (KTA) framework is an effective approach in the implementation science literature to methodically guide the translation of evidence-based research findings into practice, putting knowledge into practical use. Google Scholar. 10.1002/chp.47. Knowledge creation has three phases: (1) knowledge inquiry, (2) knowledge synthesis, and (3) knowledge tools and products. Box. Can J Speech-Language Pathol Audiol. 2010, 5: 92-10.1186/1748-5908-5-92. Moving from Evidence to Practice. Graham I, Logan J, Harrison M, Straus S, Tetroe J, Caswell W, Robinson N: Lost in knowledge translation: time for a map?. Knowledge to action framework for home health monitoring Wensing M, Bosch M, Grol R: Selecting, tailoring, and implementing knowledge translation interventions. 2012, 43: 337-50. looked at 10 behaviour change interventions where explicit use of theory was absent, and mapped these strategies to domains of the Theoretical Domains Framework. The KTA Framework was enacted in different health care and academic settings with projects targeted at patients, the public, and nursing and allied health professionals. Finfgeld-Connett D, Johnson ED: Literature search strategies for conducting knowledge-building and theory-generating qualitative systematic reviews. Our findings support this proposal. 10.1016/j.cjca.2012.03.011. 2007, 14: 936-941. Once a KT strategy has been delivered, the use of knowledge should be monitored which may be instrumental (behaviour), conceptual (attitude/perception), or as a persuasive tool for pushing change(knowledge as ammunition). So in terms of doing theory-informed KT, as the saying goes if you dont have time to do it right, when will you have time to do it over?, *ISLAGIATT: Attributed to Dr. Martin P. Eccles. Interestingly, a recent evaluation of the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) Knowledge Translation Funding Program [38] presented results relating to knowledge translation products, academic outputs and capacity building together, giving the appearance, in our interpretation, that these different dimensions may be regarded as equally important. As part of this programme, the first author (BF) undertook a knowledge translation project that sought to identify examples of the use of the KTA Framework in practice. However, citation figures do not reflect how this conceptual framework has actually been applied in practice. Knowledge to Action Framework. Notably, the KTA Framework assumes a systems perspective and situates knowledge producers and users within a system of knowledge that is responsive, adaptive, and unpredictable. Key factors present in sustaining knowledge use can include perceived benefits and risks, relevance, leadership, policy integration, resources and politics. 10.1111/j.1553-2712.2007.tb02369.x. Similarly, we acknowledge that some readers may be interested in precise reasons for exclusions. Knowing your audience and assessing the value, usefulness and appropriateness of the particular knowledge is critical to its uptake and sustained use. Understanding effects in reviews of implementation interventions using the Theoretical Domains Framework. "The KT Library is designed to provide information to NIDRR grantees and interested members of the public about a wide spectrum of knowledge translation and evidence-based resources.". Translating Knowledge into Action to Prevent Type 2 Diabetes: Medicare Download scientific diagram | Knowledge-to-Action Model (Adapted from I.D. 10.1111/j.1752-7325.2011.00223.x. Molfenter S, Ammoury A, Yeates E, Steele C: Decreasing the knowledge to action gap through research-clinical partnerships in speech-language pathology. Graham et al. Leah Crockett is a doctoral student in the Department of Community Health Sciences at the University of Manitoba. The following analysis focuses on results relating to these ten integrated studies. The KTA process has two components: (1) knowledge creation and (2) action. 2010, 5: 82-10.1186/1748-5908-5-82. Taylor MJ, McNicholas C, Nicolay C, Darzi A, Bell D, Reed JE: Systematic review of the application of the plan-do-study-act method to improve quality in healthcare. J Rehabil Med. In these studies, the KTA Framework appeared to provide a practical yet flexible guide to getting research findings into practice, allowing it to be applied in idiosyncratic ways. PO Box 1649, Peoria, J Contin Educ Health Prof. 2008, 28: 117-122. Canadian Journal of Speech-Language Pathology . Google Scholar. the site home page. Conceptual frameworks provide a frame of reference for organising thinking, a guide for action and interpretation. Using the Knowledge to Action Framework in practice: a citation analysis and systematic review. The framework has two components: Knowledge Creation and an Action Cycle, each of which comprises multiple phases. 2009, Wiley-Blackwell BMJ Books, Oxford, 94-113. Article Ullrich PM, Sahay A, Stetler CB: Use of implementation theory: a focus on PARIHS. The authors attribution of use was variable, with most merely referencing the framework or describing how it was used to inform or structure projects. CDC Knowledge to Action Framework [PDF - 33 KB] An Organizing Framework for Translation in Public Health: The Knowledge to Action Framework Applying the Knowledge to Action (K2A) Framework: Questions to Guide Planning Tool [PDF - 3.57 MB] Glossary of Terms [DOC -17 KB] Page last reviewed: April 28, 2021 Discovery: The original biomedical, behavioral, or epidemiologic factor that stimulated development of an intervention (1).. Efficacy: The extent to which the intended effect or benefits were achieved under optimal conditions (2).. Hua D, Carter S, Bellerive J, Allu SO, Reid D, Tremblay G, Lindsay P, Tobe SW: Bridging the gap: innovative knowledge translation and the Canadian hypertension education program. Authors identified many barriers relating to environmental factors [32] such as lack of time and/or resources. Acad Emerg Med. This is noteworthy given Canadian research may be published in French language journals. In other cases, we made an initial judgement, based on the abstract or a Google text fragment, that the paper was not about an empirical, real-life, knowledge translation or implementation project. Several strategies were used to counter this risk. Translating Evidence Into Practice Through Knowledge Impleme - LWW 2013, 19: 915-24. The integrated studies described different ways of integrating the KTA Framework, particularly the Action Cycle. Davies and colleagues [40] note that less than 6% of 235 studies, albeit published before 1998, explicitly used theories of behaviour or behaviour change. J Public Health Dent. Michie S, Prestwich A: Are interventions theory-based? Importantly, these integrated studies included examples to illustrate how the KTA Framework had been used as a guide. Selection bias is another limitation given that we aimed to identify papers reporting usage of the KTA Framework rather than considering or comparing with other conceptual frameworks. It focuses on two main areas of activity: knowledge creation and knowledge tailoring . Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall. The KTA process has two components: Knowledge Creation and Action. The Action Cycle focuses on the processes needed to implement knowledge in healthcare settings including identifying problems; assessing determinants of KT; selecting, tailoring, implementing, and evaluating KT interventions; and determining strategies for ensuring sustained knowledge use. Step KTA 3.B - Center on Knowledge Translation for Technology Transfer Consequently, we recommend that the phase select, tailor, implement intervention be amended to include define and select outcomes and knowledge use measures, as a prompt to those using the KTA Framework to specify such outcomes when selecting which knowledge translation strategies to use. Using the Knowledge to Action Framework in practice: a citation Field, B., Booth, A., Ilott, I. et al. 1, EPOC Taxonomy of Professional and OrganisationalInterventions.[https://epoc.cochrane.org/sites/epoc.cochrane.org/files/uploads/EPOC%20Taxonomy%20of%20Interventions%202002.pdf]. Methods Step KTA 3.A - Center on Knowledge Translation for Technology Transfer Graham ID, Tetroe J: Some theoretical underpinnings of knowledge translation. (Dignan, M.B & Carr, P.A. 2002, 16: 38-43. Future research could examine the studies which we categorised as using the KTA Framework to a lesser degree, perhaps for conceptual or persuasive reasons rather than instrumentally. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. Others argue that the effectiveness and generalisability of implementation studies are hindered by weak theoretical underpinnings [40],[43],[44]. We chose citation searching as our preferred method to identify reports of practical applications of a model or framework [14],[15]. 2011, 71 (Suppl 1): S20-S33. All undertook the first phase of identifying the problem. The source paper was cited four times more frequently than the next highest cited article from the same journal published in the same year. Minimizing the knowledge-to-action gap; identification of interventions Citation searching seeks to optimise sensitivity and specificity when seeking to identify reports of practical applications of a model or framework. 10.1177/1077558711430690. All authors read and approved the final manuscript. Ilott I, Gerrish K, Booth A, Field B: Testing the consolidated framework for implementation research on health care innovations from South Yorkshire. Assessment of barriers can be done quantitatively and qualitatively using a variety of conceptual models and instruments. Do they work? Building a Knowledge to Action Program in Stroke Rehabilitation California Privacy Statement,
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