Una mirada desde la funcin de investigacin. In this paper, we use the social model of disability, anchored on the Sustainable Development Goals, to examine the preparedness of student teachers in meeting the needs of learners with diverse learning needs. Every child has a right to access quality education and acquire skills UNICEF/UN362021/ACQUAH The student teacher in the first week of the supported teacher school placement are required to reflect on the school environment. Barnes, C. (1991). Also, the condition was perceived to cause severe disease. Dev. Unstructured questionnaires and Teacher observations were utilised in the process of generating the data. In 2015, Ghana developed an inclusive education policy with an overarching goal of fostering equitable access to education for all children. The Curriculum College of Education in Ghana also recognizes effective class management as sine qua non for classroom participation. The Colleges of Education award diploma qualifications, while the universities awards Bachelor of Education degrees and PGDE/certificates in education. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Want to share a great resource? 9711 Washingtonian Boulevard, Suite 550, Gaithersburg, MD 20878 | 1-301-913-0115, By submitting your information, you agree to our, DEIA (Diversity, Equity, Inclusion & Access), Video of the Week: Dealing with digital distraction in the classroom, Secrets from the library lines: 5 ways schools can boost digital engagement, Follow the Money Insights from K-12 Experts, Creating a winning K12 esports infrastructure, Charter Communications (Spectrum Enterprise). Burnett, N., and Felsman, C. (2012). The policy is novel to the teaching profession in Ghana and those already in the service are given the privilege to just register on the teachers portal for the License to be issued to them. 5, 115. You can also describe the numerous meetings and committee work you're involved in. It further does not recognize learners with disabilities as a targeted category for student reflection. For instance, some Ghanaian teachers utilize proverbs and stories to contextualize their messages and some of these are negative toward persons with disabilities and teachers unconsciously make their statements without knowing that they are hurting some learners in the classroom. Sustainable Development Goals and sustainability teaching at universities: Falling behind or getting ahead of the pack? In 1994, UNESCO organized a World Conference on Special Needs Education in Salamanca, Spain (United Nations Educational, Scientific and cultural organization [UNESCO], 1994). J. Disabil. United Nations Development Programme [UNDP], (2021). It Takes a Village to Save a Frog | Science| Smithsonian Magazine There is nothing like seeing your students succeed. Avoiding anthropomorphism helps young people to open the closed box of AI applications. Naami, A. The sample was made up of one hundred and fifty-five students (155) from Aggrey Memorial . Both researchers independently coded the data to enhance the credibility of the study. Feel free to quote Diane Ravitch, one of the most respected voices in education, who notes that unions protect teachers' rights, support professionalism, and check administrative power. Further reading: 10 Tips and Truths of Living with a Teacher, 2. Teaching is the profession that makes all others possible, and what it lacks in salary, it makes up for in job satisfaction. The policy (2015, p. 6) defines a child with special educational needs [SEN] as: a child with disability, namely, visual, hearing, locomotor, and intellectual impairments. But the policy extends the concept SEN to cover those who are failing in school, for a wide variety of reasons that are known to be barriers to a childs optimal progress in learning and development. ODS y educacin superior. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). Adjei, P., Akpalu, A., Laryea, R., Nkromah, K., Sottie, C., Ohene, S., et al. S. Grek, C. Maroy, and A. Verger (Milton Park: Routledge), 4358. Prod. 2nd Edn. The policy also highlights a flexible curriculum in which schools: owe a responsibility to teach all children, exhibit no discrimination, utilize early intervention practices, ensure childrens participation, involve NGOs, agencies, parents, and government, develop positive attitudes, conduct monitoring and evaluation, have a policy on Persons with Disabilities, and develop assessment practices. The principle of universal design in the policy offers learners multiple means of representation, expression, engagement, motivation and tapping into learners interest. Knowledge 3, 97114. How anthropomorphism hinders AI education - Raspberry Pi Foundation However, it is equally important to find out whether what the teacher does promotes participation or alienates others. A large number of pupils struggle to meet the proficiency cut-off point for English and Mathematics between grades four and six. Perhaps it would be a different matter if the conceptions of teaching were like those of NASA engineers: smart, genius! The GCM is built on the back of the 2015 Incheon Declaration and Education 2030 Framework for Action, which envisages a cooperation, monitoring and evaluation mechanism which has the Global Education Meeting (GEM) as the pivot of action (Mundial, Grupo Banco, and UNICEF, 2016). Available at: www.t-tel.org/hub.html (Accessed June 30, 2022). Ghana: Ghana Assembly Press. Each period lasts 45 minutes and each grade is expected to receive an average of 45 periods of instruction a week covering all subjects (nine periods a day for all subjects). (2021). This has the potential of influencing the learning experience of such students in the classroom. He further made a remark, which we also observed on a visit to that College of Education. These questions, as far as I can tell, partly state some of the misconceptions about the teaching of CSE. Most teachers I know work other jobs during the summer months. Therefore, it is very important to assess how student teachers at the Colleges of Education in Ghana are integrating inclusive education consistent with SDG 4. (2019). London: Hurst Co. Barnes, C., and Mercer, G. (2005). Teach. The focus on myths and misconceptions is borne out of the fact that they are potential threat to preventive efforts [18-20]. Geneva: World Health Organization. National Teachers Standards Guidelines for Ghana: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike. The study explicitly followed a qualitative approach to research specifically a case study design. Inclusive education policy. Available at: http://www.voiceghana.org/downloads/MoE_IE_Policy_Final_Draft1.pdf (Accessed November 25, 2022). doi: 10.21125/edulearn.2019.1906. How do learners with visual and hearing impairment benefit from these forms of learning if resources do not have features of alternative formats (subtitles/captions, narrations) for these learners? 45, 175195. There are few jobs that offer this kind of reward. To achieve inclusive education, a curriculum reform is fundamental to achieve the necessary improvements in the quality of new teachers. Copyright 2023 Naami and Mort. Teachers teach on average 24 periods per week. To deny or not to deny disability. In their observation checklist, it is important that the students also identify whether what they identify are accessible to all learners particularly, persons with disabilities. Stein, S., de Oliveira Andreotti, V., and Sua, R. (2019). By 2030, eliminate gender disparities in education and ensure equal access to all levels of education and vocational training for the vulnerable, including persons with disabilities, indigenous peoples and children in vulnerable situations. Leeds: Disability Press. The promises and limitations of the SDG framework for inclusive education and students with disabilities in Grading Goal Four. Presently, there are 48 Colleges of Education (CoE) in Ghana, up from 38 in 2014 ( Buabeng et al., 2019) and in the 2018/2019 academic year, all Colleges of . Conclusion We conclude that although knowledge and awareness about Ebola is high among Ghanaians who participated in the study, there are still misconceptions about the disease. In 2015, a policy on inclusive education was developed and adopted by the country toward fulfilling the aspirations of the 1992 constitution, which guarantees education as a fundamental human right. Is Your Network Prepared to Meet the Demands of a Tech-Rich Environment? Assuming there is a learner with a mobility disability who uses a wheelchair in a school, will his/her characteristic of having an impairment be considered the barrier or some known access barriers such as storey building without elevators and staircase without accessible ramps? Challenges of Inclusion: Local Support Systems and Social Service Arrangements for Persons with Disabilities in Suhum, Ghana: Baseline Study Report. Access to higher education in Ghana: examining experiences through the lens of students with mobility disabilities. 3. doi: 10.21083/ajote.v3i2.2728. World Health Organization. So, we probed further and the narrative was: Yes, for example, so when you go to the school, we want you to try and see if you can find a child with special needs. 60, 281301. International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health: Children & Youth Version: ICF-CY. Fontdevila, C., and Grek, S. (2020). J. Int. Spec. South and South-West Asia Development Papers, 2101. (2021). The best way to answer this question is by sharing a few stories of your own. But how prepared are student teachers at Colleges of Education in Ghana. If your Aunt Sally really wants to help, she can vote for legislation that ensures teachers are paid fairly. The critical question is what to teach? Global development and higher education. As the quality assurance officer of this particular institution, these are some of the questions I ask my coordinators. In two different studies conducted in sub-Saharan countries, 66.3% to 99.7% were reported to have misconceptions about the etiology of TB, 27.6%-90% likewise misunderstood the symptoms of TB, 0.1% . Target 4.a calls for the upgrading of educational facilities so that they are child-and disability-sensitive and to promote inclusive learning environments (United Nations [UN], 2015). Revisiting free compulsory universal basic education (FCUBE) in Ghana. eSchool News uses cookies to improve your experience. The inclusive education policy acknowledges that: all children can learn irrespective of differences in age, gender, ethnicity, language, and disability. London: Macmillan. The Equality Act 2010 and the Social Model of Disability. But the section seems to relate more to learners with learning difficulties. doi: 10.4102/ajod.v6i0.341. Tertiary institutions such as universities, Colleges of Education and nursing training institutions have been recognized as drivers toward achieving the SDGs particularly, SDG 4, considering the formative roles they play in molding the future of young people in countries (Machado and Davim, 2022). It's never wise to centralize power in one person, whether that's a superintendent or a mayor. Cc: Ellis Ferdinand Agbenyega, J. S., Deppeler, J., and Harvey, D. (2005). Assoc. Royal Geographical Society - Resources for schools Educ. In spite of the progress that Ghana has made in improving access to school, several children cannot read or write. See response below: Whatever course that they take, we have components of misconceptions. The metaverse is a tool that blends experiences typically associated with either the virtual or physical worlds. - Improve education and training needs of teachers. Concept Cartoon as a Teaching Technique for Conceptual Change: A Education is necessary for persons with disabilities to break out of the cycle of poverty as recognized by both the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities and the Sustainable Development Goals. Afr. J. As someone who has supported many people into work, both as a recruiter and an employment specialist, I am here to tell you that you absolutely can teach! In a world where competition for jobs, pay increases, and academic success continues to increase, certifications offer hope to candidates and educators. Here, Jo discusses common misconceptions that may prevent career changers from entering the teaching profession. Curriculum in 2018 was written to reform education and the school curriculum. Adera, B. Myths and misconceptions about tuberculosis transmission in Ghana This research sought to investigate teachers' experiences with overcrowded classrooms: the case of new Gbawe experimental 1 basic school in Ghana's Greater Accra region. United States Department of States. Until recently, only the University of Cape Coast and University of Education, Winneba, offered university-level training but now the University for Development Studies (UDS) and the University of Ghana, as well as other private universities have programs in teacher education. Visit our Privacy Policyfor more information. Common Misconceptions About Teaching - Transition to Teach We evaluated the four learning outcomes under the equity and inclusivity of the cross-cutting pillar. See Appendix A for details of the interview guide. Kassah, A. K., Kassah, L. L., and Agbota, T. K. (2012). Stud. Any product that may be evaluated in this article, or claim that may be made by its manufacturer, is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher. Fundamental Principles of Disability. According to Yin (1981), p. 98, the decision to utilize a case study arises when an empirical inquiry must examine a contemporary phenomenon in its real-life context especially when the boundaries between phenomenon and context are not clearly evident. It is noteworthy that disability is listed on the observation checklist and reflective journals of student teachers as part of their preparedness on the equity and inclusivity outcome. We asked our key informant about how they teach students to self-reflect. Access of the surroundings of the classroom and school facilities should be target for reflection given that inaccessible school environment affects learning outcomes (Moria and Morgado, 2018; Braun and Naami, 2021). 9, 8695. Dev. These misconceptions resulted in perceptions of stigma and discrimination towards people who may get Ebola or work with Ebola patients. Edulearn19 Proc. Chaturvedi, S. (2021). Yin, R. K. (1981). UNESCO organizes the Global Education Meetings in partnership with all global education actors toward achieving SDG 4 (Fontdevila and Grek, 2020). Further, the student teachers in year three are tasked to identify learners who struggle to overcome barriers. The student reflective journal and the observation checklists identify barriers to learning. We, therefore, recommend the need for student teachers to be grounded in disability issues in order to understand learners with diverse disabilities, their unique needs and how best they could help them. One common belief about teachers is that we never work during the summer. We established that the curriculum and auxiliary teaching materials do not adequately address leaners with disabilities and their needs. 10, 7086. Ghanas 2019 SDGs Budget Report. These points provided below are responses and comments that were duly and diligently gathered through surveys and seminars in an attempt to provide some possible ways of raising teaching standards to an appreciable level in the country. Sometimes I just give these folks a little rundown of my week. UNESCOs formulation of the Global Education Cooperation Mechanism (GCM) is at the heart of the interconnectedness and intersectional efforts on SDG 4. However, we think it's more accurate . Factors Affecting the Teaching and Learning of - University of Ghana Figure 1 gives a pictorial illustration of how a particular health condition/disorder could affect the body functioning, activity and participation. In this paper, we used two analytical perspectives, the SDGs Goal 4 and the social model of disability, to understand whether or not student teachers are adequately prepared to deliver inclusive education in Ghana. The FCUBE concentrated on enhancing the standard of instruction and learning, expanding educational access, and promoting the involvement of all school-age children, including the formation of local educational organizations to facilitate effective management of education (Agbenyega et al., 2005). Educ. Lack of oral competence of both teachers and the children in the target language equally hinder the child's reading progress. I explained that tenure is a right to due process, so a teacher can't be fired without the administration presenting evidence that the teacher was incompetent or unprofessional. Leal Filho, W., Shiel, C., Pao, A., Mifsud, M., vila, L. V., Brandli, L. L., et al. Education has long been recognized as a global priority. (PDF) Misconceptions, Misinformation and Politics of - ResearchGate Senior High School Education in Ghana, from September 2017 became free (Tamanja and Pajibo, 2019). Attitudes and Disabled People. One common belief about teachers is that we never work during the summer. World 6:81. (2003). (2012). and can opt-out at any time. High. doi: 10.1080/17508487.2016.1247737, Tamanja, E., and Pajibo, E. (2019). In Ghana the role and importance of technical and vocational education and training ( TVET) are not clearly understood by the citizenry. But unless they live with, or are close friends with, a teacher, it might be challenging to change their minds. Educ. THE TECHNICAL, VOCATIONAL AND SKILL TRAINING - Ministry of Education Ghana Abuse of disabled children in Ghana. Misconceptions about GMOs in Ghana due to weak education, study reveals. curriculum tasks student teachers to Identify school and student characteristics that act as barriers to learning. However, this statement is problematic as it is a wrong premise to understand barriers to learning for learners with disabilities. The Social Model of Disability: Europe and the Majority World. Int. They contend that the GCM at best, is an ecosystem that consists of all global education actors that participates in the Global Education Meeting and have agreed to work cooperatively in support of SDG 4. It further states that all children have the right to access basic education and that the education system should be dynamic to adapt to the needs of children. Amandas Ong. Weekly on Wednesday. Nancy was a Top 50 Finalist for the Varkey Global Teacher Prize 2015. Over five millennia, human hunting, fishing and habitat destruction . Union of the Physically Impaired Against Segregation [UPIAS] (1976). That the student teacher reflection is aimed at increasing their disability sensitivity and inclusion is fallacious. Also, emphasis was place more on the classroom environment, which is good. In this paper, we use the social model of disability and anchored on the Sustainable Development Goals, to examine the preparedness of student teachers in meeting the needs of learners with diverse learning needs. These include talking, and chalking, marking . *Correspondence: Augustina Naami, anaami@ug.edu.gh, Transforming Teacher Education in Sub-Saharan African Countries Towards the Achievement of Sustainable Development Goal 4 by 2030: New Opportunities, Challenges, Problems and Prospects, View all Afr. Geneva: World Health Organization. Umm.Not.So.Much. Available at: www.t-tel.org/hub.html. A Togo slippery frog rests in grass. The education of students with disabilities is affected by attitudinal, pedagogical, institutional, informational, and environmental accessibility barriers (World Health Organization, 2011; Nakua et al., 2017; Braun and Naami, 2021). The B.Ed. University-Level Upgrade for Teacher-Training Colleges. The SDGs target 4.8 outlines the need to build and upgrade educational facilities that are disability sensitive. Persons with disabilities continue to lag in education, which affects their employment and income and overall well-being. They want to learn and are interested in making a contribution to the world. Oliver, M., and Barnes, C. (1998). Teach. All authors contributed to the article and approved the submitted version. Myths and misconceptions about tuberculosis transmission in Ghana Misconceptions are often deeply held, largely unexplained, and sometimes strongly defended. The former Editorial Director for both eSchool News and eCampus News, and was formerly the Managing Editor of eCampus News. Misconceptions as Barriers to Understanding Science My students have gone on to become doctors, nurses, legislators, activists, business owners, musicians, social workers, and yesteachers. curriculum is used by Colleges of Education and other Universities offering education programs, as it was collaboratively produced by four teacher education universities with senior members of Colleges of Education (Ministry of Education National, 2017). J. Furth. The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. My students work extremely hard to overcome obstacles and achieve. It is the very special practitioner [who] makes a good educator; however, good educators need to have enough knowledge of their areas of expertise to cultivate excitement, curiosity, and spark the passion to commit to a vocation or avocation. 23, 15. All Rights Reserved. For educators, it is crucial to not only understand what the metaverse is and its uses within education but to also realize the benefits of immersive learning with the metaverse. I can't attend a single event without one or two of these comments popping up. The sample comprised 37 Junior High School (JHS) pupils and one science teacher in Abelemkpe Junior High School in the Greater Accra Region of Ghana. Rather, impairment should be considered to enable provision of suitable accommodation for learners with disabilities. Presently, there are 48 Colleges of Education (CoE) in Ghana, up from 38 in 2014 (Buabeng et al., 2019) and in the 2018/2019 academic year, all Colleges of Education in Ghana were upgraded to University Colleges status to offer a four-year Bachelor of Education degree (Kokutse, 2018). If you're a teacheror if you've even thought about being a teacheryou've probably heard a few of these common misconceptions about teaching. Available at: http://www.who.int/disabilities/world_report/2011/report.pdf (Accessed June 17, 2017). The components of the learning outcomes we analyzed in the light of the SDGs Goal 4 targets 4.5, 4.6, and 4.8 and the social model of disability (See Supplementary Tables S1S3). One of the profound characteristics of the SDGS is the fact that all the goals are interconnected. 232, 285294. The perils and promises of inclusive education in Ghana. The forms and the student handbooks were published by the government of Ghana under the Transformative Teacher Education and Learning (T-TELL), School Partnership Program with support from the British government. Beyond Knowledge and Awareness: Addressing Misconceptions in Ghana's Howard, H. A., and Rhule, A. In 2012, Burnett and Felsman (2012) signaled the debate on post Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and pointed out the need to incorporate the SDGs in education, particularly in educational institutions. The observation checklist and reflective journals do not make enough room for student teachers to self-reflect on disability, which could be a barrier to the education of persons with various forms of disabilities. by Nancy Barile, Award-Winning Teacher, M.A.Ed. The Curriculum Framework provides for teachers at the Universities offering Education and the Colleges of Education. But how prepared are student teachers at Colleges of Education using the curriculum to promote inclusive education? The interview with the key informant was done in English, conducted in the participants office, and lasted for an hour. (2019) explains that while the CoE provides a yearlong school-based teaching practice in addition to a semester-long campus-based peer teaching, their colleagues offering education degrees in the University of Cape Coast (UCC) engage in a semester-long school-based teaching experience. Produc. The student teacher is required to reflect on seven questions listed under this theme but none of them captures disability. Dev. Challenges and opportunities for inclusive education in Ghana. It could be an ice breaker or other warming up exercises that could exclude learners with disabilities. So, its good that you are bringing some of these things out. Available at: https://www.ntu.eu/news-archive/the-importance-of-the-sustainable-development-goals/ (Accessed May 3, 2022). In many districts, teachers elect to have their salary divided over a 52-week period so they still have money coming in over the summer. These outcomes were: Year one: awareness of self and learners as unique individuals, Year two: teachers values and attitudes impacting on pupils learning, how diversity impacts on learning, Year three: being a team member, co-teaching, and co-planning, planning for individualized instruction, Year four: teaching all learners; learners, school, and community. Case Study Research: Design and Methods, Vol 5. SDGs Goal 4-Ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote lifelong learning opportunities for all (specifically, targets: 4.5, 4.6, 4.8), and the social model of disability guided the review. Educ. Umm.Not.So.Much. G. Scambler and S. Scambler (London: Palgrave Macmillan), 5776. (2019). The National Teacher Education Curriculum Framework (NTECF) sets out the four pillars and cross-cutting issues for the initial training of all teachers at the pre-tertiary level (Ministry of Education National, 2017). A. Wulff (Leiden: Brill), 96115. Persons with disabilities constitute about 15% of the world population, with about 80% of them living in countries of the global south, including Ghana (World Health Organization, 2011).
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